When buying or selling real estate, you may find it helpful to have a
real estate agent assist you. Real estate agents can provide many useful
services and work with you in different ways. In some real estate
transactions, the agents work for the seller. In others, the seller and
buyer may each have agents. And sometimes the same agents work for both
the buyer and the seller. It is important for you to know whether an
agent is working for you as your agent or simply working with you while
acting as an agent of the other party.
This article addresses the various types of working relationships that
may be available to you. It should help you decide which relationship
you want to have with a real estate agent. It will also give you useful
information about the various services real estate agents can provide
buyers and sellers, and it will help explain how real estate agents are
paid.
SELLERS
Seller's Agent
If you are selling real estate, you may
want to "list" your property for sale with a real estate firm. If so,
you will sign a "listing agreement" authorizing the firm and its agents
to represent you in your dealings with buyers as your seller's agent.
You may also be asked to allow agents from other firms to help find a
buyer for your property.
Be sure to read and understand the listing agreement before you sign it.
Duties to Seller
The listing firm and its agents must...
- promote your best interests
- be loyal to you
- follow your lawful instructions
- provide you with all material facts that could influence your decisions
- use reasonable skill, care and diligence, and
- account for all monies they handle for you.
Once you have signed the listing agreement, the firm and its agents may
not give any confidential information about you to prospective buyers or
their agents without your permission so long as they represent you. But
until you sign the listing agreement, you should avoid telling the
listing agent anything you would not want a buyer to know.
Services and Compensation
To help you sell your property, the listing firm and its agents will
offer to perform a number of services for you. These may include
- helping you price your property
- advertising and marketing your property
- giving you all required property disclosure forms for you to complete
- negotiating for you the best possible price and terms
- reviewing all written offers with you and
- otherwise promoting your interests.
For representing you and helping you sell your property, you will pay
the listing firm a sales commission or fee. The listing agreement must
state the amount or method for determining the commission or fee and
whether you will allow the firm to share its commission with agents
representing the buyer.
Dual Agent
You may even permit the listing firm and its agents to represent you and
a buyer at the same time. This "dual agency relationship" is most likely
to happen if an agent with your listing firm is working as a buyer's
agent with someone who wants to purchase your property. If this occurs
and you have not already agreed to a dual agency relationship in your
listing agreement, your listing agent will ask you to sign a separate
agreement or document permitting the agent to act as agent for both you
and the buyer.
It may be difficult for a dual agent to advance the interests of both
the buyer and seller. Nevertheless, a dual agent must treat buyers and
sellers fairly and equally. Although the dual agent owes them the same
duties, buyers and sellers can prohibit dual agents from divulging
certain confidential information about them to the other party.
Some firms also offer a form of dual agency called "designated agency"
where one agent in the firm represents the seller and another agent
represents the buyer. This option (when available) may allow each
"designated agent" to more fully represent each party.
If you choose the "dual agency" option, remember that since a dual
agent's loyalty is divided between parties with competing interests, it
is especially important that you have a clear understanding of...
- what your relationship is with the dual agent and
- what the agent will be doing for you in the transaction.
BUYERS
"For real estate consumers, the
one credential to look for is the
Accredited Buyer
Representative (ABR®) designation from the Real Estate Buyer's Agent
Council of the National Association of REALTOR'S®" -Kiplinger's
Personal Finance Magazine-
When buying real estate, you may have several choices as to how you want
a real estate firm and its agents to work with you. For example, you may
want them to represent only you (as a buyer's agent). You may be willing
for them to represent both you and the seller at the same time (as a
dual agent). Or you may agree to let them represent only the seller
(seller's agent or subagent). Some agents will offer you a choice of
these services. Others may not.
Buyer's Agent
Duties to Buyer
If the real estate firm and its agents represent you, they must
- promote your best interests
- be loyal to you
- follow your lawful instructions
- provide you with all material facts that could influence your decisions
- use reasonable skill, care and diligence, and
- account for all monies they handle for you.
Once you have agreed (either orally or in writing) for the firm and its
agents to be your buyer's agent, they may not give any confidential
information about you to sellers or their agents without your permission
so long as they represent you. But until you make this agreement with
your buyer's agent, you should avoid telling the agent anything you
would not want a seller to know.
Unwritten Agreements: To make sure that you and the real estate firm have a clear
understanding of what your relationship will be and what the firm will
do for you, you may want to have a written agreement. However, some
firms may be willing to represent and assist you for a time as a buyer's
agent without a written agreement. But if you decide to make an offer to
purchase a particular property, the agent must obtain a written agency
agreement. If you do not sign it, the agent can no longer represent and
assist you and is no longer required to keep information about you
confidential. Furthermore, if you later purchase the property through an
agent with another firm, the agent who first showed you the property may
seek compensation from the other firm.
Be sure to read and understand any agency agreement before you sign it.
Services and Compensation: Whether you have a written or unwritten agreement, a buyer's agent will
perform a number of services for you. These may include helping you...
- find a suitable property
- arrange financing
- learn more about the property and
- other-wise promote your best interests.
If you have a written agency agreement, the agent can also help you
prepare and submit a written offer to the seller.
A buyer's agent can be compensated in different ways. For example, you
can pay the agent out of your own pocket. Or the agent may seek
compensation from the seller or listing agent first, but require you to
pay if the listing agent refuses. Whatever the case, be sure your
compensation arrangement with your buyer's agent is spelled out in a
buyer agency agreement before you make an offer to purchase property and
that you carefully read and understand the compensation provision.
Dual Agent
You may permit an agent or firm to represent you and the seller at the
same time. This "dual agency relationship" is most likely to happen if
you become interested in a property listed with your buyer's agent or
the agent's firm. If this occurs and you have not already agreed to a
dual agency relationship in your (written or oral) buyer agency
agreement, your buyer's agent will ask you to sign a separate agreement
or document permitting him or her to act as agent for both you and the
seller. It may be difficult for a dual agent to advance the interests of
both the buyer and seller. Nevertheless, a dual agent must treat buyers
and sellers fairly and equally. Although the dual agent owes them the
same duties, buyers and sellers can prohibit dual agents from divulging
certain confidential information about them to the other party.
Some firms also offer a form of dual agency called "designated agency"
where one agent in the firm represents the seller and another agent
represents the buyer. This option (when available) may allow each
"designated agent" to more fully represent each party.
If you choose the "dual agency" option, remember that since a dual
agent's loyalty is divided between parties with competing interests, it
is especially important that you have a clear understanding of...
- what your relationship is with the dual agent and
- what the agent will be doing for you in the transaction.
This can best be accomplished by putting the agreement in writing at the
earliest possible time.
Seller's Agent Working With a Buyer
If the real estate agent or firm that you contact does not offer buyer
agency or you do not want them to act as your buyer agent, you can still
work with the firm and its agents. However, they will be acting as the
seller's agent (or "subagent"). The agent can still help you find and
purchase property and provide many of the same services as a buyer's
agent. The agent must be fair with you and provide you with any
"material facts" (such as a leaky roof) about properties.
But remember, the sellers agent represents the seller—not you— and therefore
must try to obtain for the seller the best possible price and terms for
the seller's property. Furthermore, a seller's agent is required to give
the seller any information about you (even personal, financial or
confidential information) that would help the seller in the sale of his
or her property. Agents must tell you in writing if they are sellers'
agents before you say anything that can help the seller. But until you
are sure that an agent is not a seller's agent, you should avoid saying
anything you do not want a seller to know.
Sellers' agents are compensated by the sellers.
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